The Most Expensive States to Start a Business in 2027

Starting a business is hard enough, and your state shouldn’t make it harder. Choose the right home base and you’ll enjoy a tax climate that actually supports growth and offers lower recurring costs to help you stay lean in the early days. Choose poorly, and you could get hit with a wall of steep state fees, high minimum wage costs, and licensing hoops that siphon off your revenue before you can turn a profit.

If you want to balance real economic opportunity with policies that won’t weigh you down, it helps to know which states create the toughest climb. In this guide, we break down clear, public data on state taxes, recurring fees, wage requirements, and licensing barriers to spotlight the most expensive states to start a business in 2027. Plus, we’ll explain what you’ll need to plan for if you decide to launch there anyway.

Earlier this year, we covered the Top 10 Affordable States to Start Your Business. Get the full picture by weighing those states against the ones reviewed here.

Choosing Your Formation State

Depending on the type of business you’re launching, the “right” state will depend on several factors. If you’re opening a physical storefront, plan to hire local employees, or provide in-person services in your home state, you’ll need to form your business in the state where you’re actually located.

On the other hand, if your business operates exclusively online, such as an e-commerce company, and has no physical presence, you may have more flexibility to compare states and choose the one with the most business-friendly environment.

Keep in mind that if your activities meet another state’s definition of doing business, you’ll also have to register there, potentially doubling your filings and annual fees. Consult an attorney if you’re unsure.

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Key Expenses To Consider

It’s easy to fixate on minor details, but when you consider the options of where to plant your business flag, focus on the factors that make a large impact on your budget over time. These include:

• Recurring state fees: Annual state reports (sometimes biennial) and the fees to file them
• Tax exposure and complexity: Corporate and/or personal income tax rates, franchise and state minimum taxes, and layered structures.
• Licensing and permitting costs: The upfront and renewal costs for the basic permits you need to operate
• Minimum wage floor: The baseline that shapes payroll from day one for any type of labor or talent that you’ll hire
• Extra requirement costs: Publication costs, regional tax surcharges, and other state-specific expenses

Watching out for these added costs is an easy way to compare states and identify the home base that will work best for you.

State-by-State Cost Ranking for New Businesses

Drawing on the Tax Foundation’s 2026 State Tax Competitiveness Index, plus publicly posted minimum wage and annual report costs, we ranked the 10 toughest states for new businesses in descending order.

10. Hawaii

No one would argue that Hawaii is one of the top destinations in the U.S. Unfortunately, mild weather and beautiful scenery doesn’t translate to a favorable tax environment for new businesses.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $51 (including $1 State Archive Preservation Fee)
• State minimum wage: $16.00/hr
• Annual report fees: $12.50 for LLCs and corporations filed online
• Corporate tax rates: 4.4-6.4% + 4-4.5% general excise tax (GET)

Why it’s expensive:

While the startup and ongoing state fees aren’t going to break the bank, the tax structure will hit your company wallet hard. A minimum 4.4% corporate tax, plus a minimum 4% GET makes for steep tax exposure. This GET is charged at every level in a supply chain as well, leading to “tax pyramiding” where a product is taxed multiple times before reaching the end consumer.

Along with that, Hawaii levies one of the highest individual tax rates in the country, up to 11% for high-earners, along with relatively high living expenses, all thanks to the state’s isolation from the mainland.

9. Massachusetts

Massachusetts is home to Harvard University and dozens of other top colleges, which helps create an exceptionally well-educated workforce. Unfortunately, it is consistently one of the pricier states for new businesses, maintaining a “best of the worst” standing in terms of affordability.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $500 for LLCs, minimum of $275 for corporations
• State minimum wage: $15.00/hr
• Annual report fees: $500 for most entities, $100 for corporations (if filed online)
• Tax rates: 8% depending on the industry, with a minimum of $456 for corporations and LLCs taxed as corporations

Why it’s expensive:

Massachusetts’ complicated corporate tax structure, which varies based on your industry, combined with one of the highest annual report fees in the country ($500 for LLCs) and a property tax system the Tax Foundation ranks among the three worst in the nation, makes for a challenging environment for many startups.

8. Vermont

Vermont’s costs add up fast: consistently higher property taxes and steep individual income tax brackets mean you’ll need to prepare accordingly if you want to operate in the Green Mountain State.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $155
• State minimum wage: $14.42/hr (adjusted annually for inflation each January 1)
• Annual report fees: $45-$60
• Corporate tax rates: 6-8.5% graduated corporate income tax

Why it’s expensive:

Along with relatively high individual tax rates, Vermont requires most LLCs, partnerships, and S corps to pay a $250 minimum Business Entity Tax each year, on top of annual report fees. These businesses are still pass-through entities, with profits taxed on the owners’ personal returns. But the $250 floor means you’ll owe the state something every year, even if your business doesn’t turn a profit.

7. Minnesota

Minnesota is a very straightforward filing state with $0 annual renewals. However, it has a 9.8% corporate franchise tax for C corporations, one of the highest flat rates in the country. Growing businesses of every type eventually face an additional minimum fee, too.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $135-$155
• State minimum wage: $11.41/hr (2027 CPI adjustment pending as of October 2026)
• Annual report fees: $0 for domestic entities
• Corporate tax rates: 9.8%

Why it’s expensive:

Minnesota’s 9.8% corporate franchise tax applies to C corporations and is among the highest corporate rates in the nation. On top of that, corporations, S corps, partnerships, and LLCs pay a separate minimum fee once their combined Minnesota property, payroll, and sales reach about $1.28 million (2026 threshold). Most brand-new businesses won’t owe it right away. But as you grow, it becomes another fixed cost that’s due even in low-profit years.

6. Washington

Don’t let Washington’s lack of a traditional corporate income tax fool you: the state makes up for this lost revenue with a Business and Occupation (B&O) tax that is applied to gross revenue.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $180-200
• State minimum wage: $17.73/hr, some cities set higher minimum requirements, like Seattle (22.14/hr)
• Annual report fees: $70 for most businesses
• Corporate tax rates: 0% corporate income tax, but a Business and Occupation (B&O) tax is levied on gross receipts (1.5%–2.1% for most service businesses, depending on prior-year revenue)

Why it’s expensive:

Washington’s B&O tax applies to gross receipts, not profits. This means your business will owe the state money even if it barely breaks even or loses money. Only six other states impose a state-level gross receipts tax.

Recent changes have raised the stakes. Since October 2025, service businesses pay a tiered B&O rate that climbs to 2.1% once revenue passes $5 million. Retail and wholesale rates rise to 0.5% in 2027. Washington also now charges sales tax on many business purchases that were previously exempt, including IT services and temporary staffing.

5. Maryland

Maryland has straightforward filings but a complicated tax setup and high annual report fees, which raise operating costs considerably.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $100-$176 depending on entity type and filing method
• State minimum wage: $15.00 depending on location
• Annual report fees: $300 + Personal Property Tax
• Corporate tax rates: 8.25%

Why it’s expensive:

For multi-state companies operating in Maryland, the state uses single-sales-factor apportionment. Translation: More Maryland sales means more Maryland tax (even with a small in-state footprint).

Maryland also requires a personal property return alongside the annual report, which can mean tax on business equipment like computers and office furniture. If your business property cost less than $20,000 in total, you’re exempt and can simply attest to that on your annual report. Larger operations should budget for it. Maryland also added a 3% sales tax on data and IT services in 2025, which can raise costs for businesses that rely on outside tech providers.

4. Connecticut

Connecticut is another state that benefits from a highly skilled labor market, but one which suffers from a high wage floor and pricey startup fees for corporations.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $120 for LLCs; $250 for corporations plus $150 for Organization and First Report Form
• State minimum wage: $17.48
• Annual report fees: $80-$150 depending on entity type
• Corporate tax rates: 7.5%, plus a 10% surtax for companies with $100 million or more in gross income (an effective 8.25%)

Why it’s expensive:

Beyond an expensive launch for corporations, which pay $400 in state fees between the certificate of incorporation, minimum franchise tax, and required organization report, Connecticut’s 7.5% corporate rate is on the high end nationally. The largest companies also owe a 10% surtax on their tax bill, which the state recently extended through 2027. Meanwhile, a handful of states don’t levy a corporate income tax at all.

3. California

When business owners talk about operating in California, the state’s $800 annual franchise tax is one of the first things to come up. This pre-profit expense often deters potential business owners from choosing the state, especially if they have other options.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $70-$100 depending on entity type and stock shares issued, plus $800 franchise tax fee for LLCs within 4 months
• State minimum wage: $17.40
• Annual report fees: Corporations: $25 annually; LLCs: $20 biennially
• Corporate tax rates: 8.84%

Why it’s expensive:

If you form an LLC, your first $800 franchise tax payment is due within about four months. New corporations get a break on the minimum tax in their first year, but owe it every year after. LLCs with more than $250,000 in total California income also pay an additional LLC fee on top of the $800, which scales with revenue. Pair all this with one of the country’s highest wage floors, according to Paycor, and California is a state that will cost you before you even turn a profit.

2. New Jersey

Only one state is more expensive than New Jersey, according to the Tax Foundation’s index. The Garden State has continued to rank low in terms of affordability, thanks to a complicated, multi-tiered tax system and some of the highest base tax rates in the country, both for businesses and individuals.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $125
• State minimum wage: $16.25-$16.48, depending on the number of employees
• Annual report fees: $75
• Corporate tax rates: 6.5–9%, with a minimum tax of $500–$2,000 for C corps and $375–$1,500 for S corps, based on New Jersey gross receipts

Why it’s expensive:

Corporations of every size owe a minimum tax based on their New Jersey gross receipts, on top of regular annual report fees. Larger companies will also pay an additional 2.5% Corporate Transit Fee. And it’s important to note, tax credits cannot be applied to the liability, pushing effective tax rates as high as 11.5%.

1. New York

A huge market with equally huge baseline costs. New York’s high wage floor and LLC publication requirement are the biggest factors that business owners should be aware of.

The basics:

• Startup fees: $125-$200 + publication fees
• State minimum wage: $16.00 ($17.00 in NYC, Long Island and Westchester)
• Annual report fees: $9 biennially
• Corporate tax rates: 6.5% for most corporations; 7.25% on business income over $5 million (extended through 2029)

Why it’s expensive:

New York is consistently one of the least affordable states to launch a business. If you’re considering forming in the Empire State, be aware of New York’s LLC publication requirement. Costs vary widely by county, and New York City-area newspapers sit at the high end. Also plan for a high minimum wage and steep living expenses.

Saving Your Startup From Pricey States

So, don’t let your first big business decision sink your launch. Even if you find yourself in one of the most expensive states to start a business, you can still succeed—just budget carefully, lean on the data, and move deliberately. Thoughtful planning now can turn what looks like a hurdle into a manageable part of your growth journey.